Showing posts with label bioremediation. Show all posts
Showing posts with label bioremediation. Show all posts

Monday, December 6, 2021

466 - Microbes Mining Mars Minerals

Basalt close up
By Helgi, CC BY-SA 4.0
This episode: Bacteria are able to extract metals from rocks for industrial use, even in microgravity!

Download Episode (6.2 MB, 9.0 minutes)

Show notes:
Microbe of the episode: Decapod ambidensovirus 1

News item

Takeaways
As humanity makes progress toward becoming an interplanetary species, consideration is needed on how travelers can survive and thrive in distant places. These methods may look very different from what works well on Earth, with differences in gravity, atmosphere, and access to resources. For example, mining for materials for construction may not be feasible using methods common on Earth. An alternative may be biomining, using microbes that can selectively extract and purify specific metals from minerals.

In this study, the European Space Agency tested the ability of several microbes to extract vanadium from rocks in different gravity conditions, on the International Space Station. Two out of three microbes were able to extract twice as much vanadium as was extracted in the absence of microbes, both on a planet and up in space.

Journal Paper:
Cockell CS, Santomartino R, Finster K, Waajen AC, Nicholson N, Loudon C-M, Eades LJ, Moeller R, Rettberg P, Fuchs FM, Van Houdt R, Leys N, Coninx I, Hatton J, Parmitano L, Krause J, Koehler A, Caplin N, Zuijderduijn L, Mariani A, Pellari S, Carubia F, Luciani G, Balsamo M, Zolesi V, Ochoa J, Sen P, Watt JAJ, Doswald-Winkler J, Herová M, Rattenbacher B, Wadsworth J, Everroad RC, Demets R. 2021. Microbially-Enhanced Vanadium Mining and Bioremediation Under Micro- and Mars Gravity on the International Space Station. Front Microbiol 12:663.

Other interesting stories:

Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

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Monday, March 29, 2021

449 - Paralyzed Poisons Push Power

Hydrothermal vent
This episode: Deep-sea bacteria can detoxify cadmium and convert it to light-capturing particles!

Download Episode (5.8 MB, 8.4 minutes)

Show notes:
Microbe of the episode: Arthrobacter virus Sonny

Takeaways
Hydrothermal vents can have thriving communities, despite being too deep for much light to penetrate. Microbes can derive energy from chemicals coming out of the vent, and form the foundation of the food chain. But toxic heavy metals also come out of the vent, including lead, mercury, and cadmium.

The microbes in this study were found to be resistant to cadmium, which they can detoxify by combining it with the sulfur found in the amino acid cysteine. This forms cadmium-sulfur nanoparticles, which can function as light-absorbing semiconductors, allowing the bacteria to harvest light energy.

Journal Paper:
Ma N, Sha Z, Sun C. 2021. Formation of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles mediates cadmium resistance and light utilization of the deep-sea bacterium Idiomarina sp. OT37-5b. Environ Microbiol 23:934–948.

Other interesting stories:

Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, or RSS. Support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter or Facebook.

Monday, August 3, 2020

427 - Simple Cells Stay Strong

Fluorescent SimCells
By Fan et al. 2020,
PNAS 117(12):6752
CC BY 4.0
This episode: Bacterial cells with their genomes removed can still be active and useful!


Download Episode (10.2 MB, 14.9 minutes)

Show notes:
Microbe of the episode: Rosavirus A

Takeaways
Microbes have amazing biochemical transformation abilities, creating and breaking down many compounds and proteins. This makes them great candidates for many purposes, in medicine, industry, and environmental remediation. In some of these purposes, though, there are risks associated with adding foreign microbes, especially engineered ones, that can replicate themselves and possibly persist, into new places.

To avoid this risk, this study turns intact bacteria into SimCells, simplified entities with most of their genetic material removed, leaving only the proteins and other components and just enough DNA to accomplish desired tasks. These SimCells were able to continue performing tasks for around 10 days before running out of the cellular resources needed to keep going. One of these tasks was producing a compound that damaged cancer cells in a dish but left non-cancerous cells unharmed.

Journal Paper:
Fan C, Davison PA, Habgood R, Zeng H, Decker CM, Salazar MG, Lueangwattanapong K, Townley HE, Yang A, Thompson IP, Ye H, Cui Z, Schmidt F, Hunter CN, Huang WE. 2020. Chromosome-free bacterial cells are safe and programmable platforms for synthetic biology. Proc Natl Acad Sci 117:6752–6761.

Other interesting stories:

Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, or RSS. Support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter or Facebook.

Sunday, June 17, 2018

BacterioFiles 343 - Super Cells Save Susceptible Species

Deinococcus radiodurans
This episode: Very radiation-resistant bacteria can protect other, less-resistant microbes from some of the effects of chronic radiation!

Download Episode (9.7 MB, 10.6 minutes)

Show notes:
Microbe of the episode: Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus CA4A

News item

Journal Paper:
Shuryak I, Matrosova VY, Gaidamakova EK, Tkavc R, Grichenko O, Klimenkova P, Volpe RP, Daly MJ. 2017. Microbial cells can cooperate to resist high-level chronic ionizing radiation. PLOS ONE 12:e0189261.

Other interesting stories:
  • Panda gut microbes help them detoxify cyanide in their diet (paper)
  • Modified probiotics can detect and inhibit cholera in baby mice

  • Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe: Apple Podcasts, RSS, Google Play. Support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter or Facebook.

    Episode outline:

    Monday, July 3, 2017

    BacterioFiles 300 - Hyphae Help Horizontal (Gene Transfer)

    Oyster mushroom mycelium
    By Tobi Kellner, CC BY-SA 3.0
    This episode: Filament-forming organisms help bacteria swim through soil and exchange genes with each other! Also, new feature: microbe of the episode!

    Download Episode (13.2 MB, 14.4 minutes)

    Show notes:
    Microbe of the episode: Azotobacter vinelandii

    News item

    Video of bacteria swimming along mycelium:


    Full statement from Tom Berthold

    Journal Paper:
    Berthold T, Centler F, Hübschmann T, Remer R, Thullner M, Harms H, Wick LY. 2016. Mycelia as a focal point for horizontal gene transfer among soil bacteria. Sci Rep 6:36390.

    Other interesting stories:
  • Bacterial DNA reduces mouse airway allergies
  • Changes in microbiomes of people in 500-day space simulation (paper)
  • Using advanced electron microscopy to visualize giant virus
  • Bacterial predators find prey by both being trapped by their own whirlpools
  • Many unusual viruses are moving around in the fluids of the rocky ocean floor

  • Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe: iTunes, RSS, Google Play. Support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter or Facebook.

    Monday, November 21, 2016

    BacterioFiles 277 - Sailor Cells Store Selenium

    Magnetotactic bacteria with 
    magnetosome chains visible
    From: Edouard Alphandéry
    Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.
    DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2014.00005
    This episode: Bacteria with their own magnetic compass can also clean up and recover toxic but valuable elements!
    Download Episode (6.1 MB, 6.7 minutes)

    Show notes:
    News item

    Journal Paper:
    Tanaka M, Knowles W, Brown R, Hondow N, Arakaki A, Baldwin S, Staniland S, Matsunaga T. 2016. Biomagnetic Recovery and Bioaccumulation of Selenium Granules in Magnetotactic Bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 82:3886–3891.

    Other interesting stories:
  • Gut microbe communities are affected by genetics
  • New microbe can do interesting chemistry to make antibiotics and stuff
  • Microbes in the gut cooperate with each other (paper)
  • Cyanobacterium's eyeball ability can sense and respond to UV light
  • Fungus can remove mercury from water (paper)

  • Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

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    Monday, April 18, 2016

    BacterioFiles 248 - Tiny Travelers Transport Toxin Trashers

    Swarming P. vortex (red)
    carrying cargo (green).
    Finkelshtein et al. 2015
    This episode: Bacteria that swarm around in groups carry other bacteria with them that can be helpful for degrading toxins!

    Download Episode (14.2 MB, 15.5 minutes)

    Show notes:
    Journal Paper/Explanatory video

    Other interesting stories:
  • Bacterium can help biofuel-producing algae grow better (paper)
  • Super-tolerant yeasts found in high volcanic place in super-dry desert (paper)
  • Bacteria living in even non-legume plants (like rice) could fix nitrogen for their host
  • Algae are becoming more popular as alternative protein in food
  • Microbiome resistance to C. difficile infection depends on many bacteria together

  • Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe at iTunes, check out the show at TwitterMicrobeWorld, or Facebook

    Monday, October 5, 2015

    BacterioFiles 232 - Exploring Enzymes' Element Effects

    This episode: Bacteria can convert soluble uranium to an insoluble form, and distinguish between different isotopes!

    Download Episode (8.2 MB, 8.9 minutes)

    Show notes:
    News item/Journal Paper

    Other interesting stories:
  • Bacteria could help degrade environmental chemical contaminant (paper)
  • Phage could treat dental infections
  • Bacteria and grass together clean up soil
  • Mutant E. coli keeps getting longer without dividing
  • Algae could produce malaria vaccine

  • Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe at iTunes, check out the show at TwitterMicrobeWorld, or Facebook

    This show features music from Mevio's podsafe Music Alley.

    Monday, June 16, 2014

    BacterioFiles 170 - Good Copper, Bad Copper

    This episode: With guest host Susan Gardner! We discuss nitrogen-fixing plant-friendly bacteria that help plants grow in copper-contaminated soil, helping to clean it up!

    Download Episode (19.1 MB, 20.9 minutes)

    Show notes:
    Journal Paper

    Other interesting stories:

  • Liquid crystals could be even more useful with bacteria in them
  • Adding bacteria can affect plants' microbiome and metabolism (paper)
  • New FDA-approved bank for fecal transplant material
  • New way of testing and improving potential Salmonella-based vaccines
  • Cacao microbe helps protect plant from pathogens (paper)

  • Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

    Subscribe at iTunes, check out the show at TwitterMicrobeWorld, or Facebook

    This show features music from Mevio's podsafe Music Alley.

    Monday, February 17, 2014

    Monday, January 20, 2014