Monday, March 27, 2023

477 - Hijackers Hitchhike on Hyphal Highways

Phage stuck to non-host bacterium
By You et al, 2022,
ISMEJ 16:1275-1283
CC BY 4.0

This episode: Bacteriophages can hitch a ride on bacteria they don't infect to travel through soil on fungal filaments, potentially helping their carriers by infecting and killing their competitors!
Download Episode (7.1 MB, 10.3 minutes)

Show notes:
Microbe of the episode: Epinotia aporema granulovirus

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Takeaways
For tiny bacteria, partially dry soil can be like a vast system of caverns, with particles of soil separated by air-filled spaces much bigger than individual bacteria. Not all bacteria can swim through liquid, and those that can’t simply try to thrive as best they can wherever they may be. But for those that can swim, fungi and other filamentous organisms can form bridges between soil particles that motile bacteria can swim across, reaching new places.

In this study, phages were found to hitch a ride on bacteria they don’t normally infect, crossing fungus-like filaments to new places and infecting the bacteria they find there. The bacteria carrying them can also benefit from this interaction, since the phages help the carrier bacteria compete and establish a colony in the new location.

Journal Paper:
You X, Kallies R, Kühn I, Schmidt M, Harms H, Chatzinotas A, Wick LY. 2022. Phage co-transport with hyphal-riding bacteria fuels bacterial invasion in a water-unsaturated microbial model system. 5. ISME J 16:1275–1283.

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Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

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Monday, March 13, 2023

476 - Bamboo Breakdown Benefits Beetle Babies

Bamboo
By I Kenpei,
CC BY-SA 3.0
This episode: Beetles inoculate bamboo with a fungus that consumes the bamboo sugars to feed the beetle larvae!
Download Episode (7.7 MB, 11.2 minutes)

Show notes:
Microbe of the episode: Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus L-BC (La)

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Video: Lizard beetle laying its egg

Takeaways
The structural polymers that make up plants, such as cellulose, can be difficult for many organisms to digest. Some kinds of bacteria and fungi can do it, and some animals (cows, pandas, termites) partner with these microbes to be able to eat otherwise indigestible plant material. This includes insects such as leaf-cutter ants that farm external gardens of microbes, providing them plant material and then eating the resulting microbial growth.

In this study, the lizard beetle lays its eggs in bamboo and inoculates the walls of the bamboo with a fungus that provides food to the larvae. Chemical analyses suggest that the fungus only consumes the simple sugars in the bamboo rather than breaking down the tougher polymers, which raises questions about the evolution of this interaction.

Journal Paper:
Toki W, Aoki D. 2021. Nutritional resources of the yeast symbiont cultivated by the lizard beetle Doubledaya bucculenta in bamboos. Sci Rep 11:19208.

Other interesting stories:

Post questions or comments here or email to bacteriofiles@gmail.com. Thanks for listening!

Subscribe: Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, or RSS. Support the show at Patreon, or check out the show at Twitter or Facebook.